Definition

Noun: - Cathode: In physics and electronics, the electrode through which electric current flows out of a polarized electrical device. It is the negative terminal in a device that consumes electricity (like a battery during discharge) or the positive terminal in a device that provides electricity (like a battery during charging). - Negative Pole/Electrode: The terminal or point in an electrical circuit that has a relative surplus of electrons, conventionally labeled with a minus sign (-).

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • Pin này bị hỏng ở âm cực. (This battery is damaged at the cathode.)
  • Dây màu đen thường được nối với âm cực. (The black wire is usually connected to the negative electrode.)
  • Âm cực và dương cực phải được kết nối đúng cách. (The cathode and anode must be connected correctly.)

Advanced Usage

• Technical Context: In electrochemistry, the cathode is the electrode where reduction (gain of electrons) occurs. This is a critical concept in batteries and electrolysis.
  • Trong quá trình sạc, cực dương của pin lithium trở thành âm cực. (During charging, the positive terminal of a lithium battery becomes the cathode.)
• In Vacuum Tubes: In devices like cathode ray tubes (CRTs), the cathode is a heated filament that emits electrons.
  • Âm cực nóng trong ống tia âm cực phát ra các electron. (The hot cathode in a cathode ray tube emits electrons.)

Variants and Related Words

• Cực âm: A synonym, literally "negative pole/electrode." It is often used interchangeably with "âm cực."
• Dương cực (Anode): The opposite terminal, the positive electrode or anode.
• Điện cực (Electrode): The general term for a conductor through which electricity enters or leaves a component.

Synonyms

• Negative Terminal: Cực âm, đầu cực âm.
• Negative Electrode: Điện cực âm.

Related Phrases/Compounds

• Ống tia âm cực (Cathode Ray Tube - CRT): A vacuum tube containing one or more electron guns and a phosphorescent screen, used in old televisions and monitors.
• Tia âm cực (Cathode Ray): A stream of electrons emitted from the cathode of a high-vacuum tube.
• Sự phát xạ âm cực (Cathode Emission): The emission of electrons from a cathode surface.

noun

1. Cathode